Antibody Druggability Evaluation Service-Tekbiotech-Yeast Display Service,Phage display technology

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Antibody Druggability Evaluation Service

TekBiotech focuses on the development and screening of drug antibodies. After more than 10 years of technology accumulation, it has built a complete yeast surface display technology platform and phage surface display technology platform to screen drug antibody candidates for customers from all over the world.

█ Development Services Based On Yeast Surface Display Technology

TekBiotech can provide customers with different types of antibody and protein display development services based on yeast surface display technology, scFv antibody development services for different species, and protein mutant evolution screening services. Yeast antibody display technology refers to the use of antibody sequence variable region and lectin Aga2p fusion expression, Aga2p protein subunits are bound to Aga1p protein subunits fixed on the yeast cell wall through two disulfide bonds, and combined with flow sorting technology, specific antibodies targeting antigens are screened out. Based on yeast body display technology, TekBiotech can provide customers with high-quality single-chain antibody yeast display services including but not limited to VHH, scFv, etc., with a library capacity of 10^8, and library diversity, insertion rate, and positive rate can reach more than 90%, to meet the quality requirements of various customers for antibody yeast display libraries. In addition, TekBiotech can also provide one-stop technical services such as antibody drugability evaluation and validation services (including but not limited to affinity validation, antibody blocking validation, cross-reaction validation and other downstream validation experiments), antibody humanization, antibody affinity maturation, CAR-T/CAR-NK lead sequence design and cell killing validation. From antigen preparation to antibody activity verification, the yeast surface display discovery path is shown in Figure 1:

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Figure1 General process of antibody discovery based on yeast technology platform

TekBiotech provides customers with discovery services based on the surface display system of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, as shown in Table 1:

Table1 Technical services based on yeast surface display technology

Service Type	Species Source
Camel-derived VHH nanoantibody development	Alpaca
Camel-derived VHH nanoantibody development	Camel
scFv antibody development	Human
	Mouse
	Rabbit
mTCRs development service	Human
Protein mutation evolution development	Unlimited (protein cannot be full-length membrane protein)

█ Antibody Development Service Based On Phage Display Technology

Based on phage display technology platform technology, Tech Bio can provide customers with camel-derived VHH nanoantibody library, scFv antibody, Fab antibody and other antibody display library construction and screening services from different species. Among them, VHH nanoantibody library, also known as camel-derived heavy chain antibody library, has an antibody molecular weight of 15kDa. It is a unique antibody produced by camel-derived animals and is currently widely used in CAR-T/CAR-NK therapeutic antibody development. scFv and Fab antibodies can come from PBMC cells of hosts such as mice, rats, sheep, rabbits, and humans. From antigen preparation to antibody activity verification, the phage display discovery path is shown in Figure 2:

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Figure2 General process of antibody discovery based on phage technology platform

TekBiotech provides customers with discovery services based on the surface display system of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, as shown in Table 2:

Table2 Technical services based on yeast surface display technology

Service Type	Species Source
Camel-derived VHH nanoantibody development	Alpaca
Camel-derived VHH nanoantibody development	Camel
scFv antibody development	Human
	Mouse
	Rabbit
mTCRs development service	Human
Protein mutation evolution development	Unlimited (protein cannot be full-length membrane protein)

TekBiotech provides customers with antibody discovery services based on the M13 phage display system, as shown in Table 3:

Table 3 Technical services based on phage surface display technology

Antibody Form	Species Source	Phage Type	Antibody Encapsulation
ScFv antibody form	Human	M13	TG1 library/phage particle library
	Mouse
	Rabbit
	Sheep
Fab form antibody	Human
	Mouse
	Rabbit
VHH nanoantibody	Alpaca
VHH nanoantibody	Camel

█ Antibody Drugability Technology Service

After obtaining various unique antibody sequences by yeast surface display or phage display, TekBiotech uses its own high-throughput electroporation system for transient recombinant expression in the mammalian system and provides a series of antibody drugability evaluation services, such as EC50 detection, FACS verification, etc. For more details, please consult our technical experts.

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Antibody-drug Conjugate

(ADC) Discovery Service

Antibody

Humanization

Service

Antibody Affinity

Maturation Service

Bispecific Antibody

Development Service

Immune CAR Cell

Preparation

Antibody Sequencing

Service

Affinity Determination

Service

Antibody Druggability Evaluation Service Frequently Asked Questions

Why is immunogenicity assessment so important in antibody drug development?

Immunogenicity assessment is crucial in the development of antibody drugs because antibody drugs may trigger adverse immune responses, affecting the efficacy and safety of the drug. Immunogenicity refers to the potential of antibody drugs to induce immune responses in the body, which may lead to the production of anti-drug antibodies (ADA). The appearance of ADA will lead to accelerated clearance of antibody drugs, affecting the sustained efficacy of the drug, and may even cause adverse symptoms such as allergic reactions, fever, and inflammation. Immunogenicity assessment is usually carried out in the preclinical stage, and the immune response potential of antibody drugs in humans is predicted through in vitro experiments and animal models. For example, through cell proliferation experiments, ELISA tests and other methods, it is assessed whether antibodies may activate the immune system and produce specific antibodies. Reducing immunogenicity is the key to optimizing antibody drug design, especially the design of humanized or chimeric antibodies, which can significantly reduce immune responses.
How is the efficacy evaluation of antibody drugs carried out?

The efficacy evaluation of antibody drugs is carried out through in vitro and in vivo experiments to help verify their effectiveness in treating target diseases. In in vitro efficacy evaluation, commonly used methods include cell proliferation inhibition experiments, cell apoptosis experiments, antibody-target binding experiments, etc., through which the affinity, specificity and effect of antibodies on target cells are evaluated. For drugs such as tumor treatment, in vitro experiments can evaluate the cytotoxicity or immunomodulatory effects of antibodies through cell line models. In in vivo efficacy evaluation, animal models (such as mouse xenograft models) are often used to conduct experiments to evaluate the anti-tumor effect or immunomodulatory effect of antibody drugs. In vivo evaluation can also help study the dose-dependent effect of drugs, the biodistribution of drugs, half-life and other information. Efficacy evaluation provides important support for subsequent clinical research and helps determine the optimal treatment plan and dosing strategy.
How to evaluate the targeting of antibody drugs?

The targeting of antibody drugs is mainly evaluated by their ability to bind to specific targets and their therapeutic effects on target-related diseases. In vitro evaluation includes affinity and specificity detection of antibodies and target molecules (such as antigens, receptors, etc.), which are usually performed through experimental techniques such as ELISA, immunoprecipitation, and Western blot. These experiments can determine whether the antibody effectively binds to the target molecule and whether it has high affinity and specificity. In vivo evaluation uses animal models to detect the distribution and effect of the antibody at the target site. For example, the selective effect of the antibody on tumor cells is evaluated through tumor animal models to verify its anti-tumor efficacy. Targeted evaluation not only helps determine the effectiveness of the antibody, but also provides important guidance for clinical medication.
How to evaluate the immune system interference of antibody drugs?

The immune system interference evaluation mainly detects whether the antibody drug will have a negative impact on the immune system, leading to immune suppression or immune-mediated side effects. The evaluation method usually includes detecting the effect of antibodies on immune cells by flow cytometry and evaluating immune response and immune tolerance by mouse models. Immune system interference may cause antibody drugs to trigger immune responses or produce anti-drug antibodies (ADA), thereby reducing efficacy or triggering allergic reactions. The evaluation of immune system interference helps predict the safety of antibody drugs in clinical applications and reduce immune-related adverse reactions. By optimizing the structure of antibodies, such as humanization or glycosylation modification, the interaction between drugs and the immune system can be reduced and the risk of immune response can be reduced.
How to conduct preclinical safety studies of antibody drugs?

Preclinical safety studies of antibody drugs include toxicity assessment, immunogenicity assessment, and allergic reaction testing. Toxicity assessment detects the long-term and short-term toxic effects of antibody drugs on animals by administering different doses. Immunogenicity assessment evaluates whether the drug triggers an immune response in the body by detecting the production of anti-drug antibodies (ADA). Allergic reaction testing evaluates whether antibody drugs will trigger allergic reactions through skin testing, injection testing, and other methods. These studies are usually conducted using a variety of animal models, such as mice and rats. Preclinical safety studies help the R&D team discover potential safety issues in advance and ensure that the use of antibody drugs in clinical trials can minimize adverse reactions.

Why is immunogenicity assessment so important in antibody drug development?

Immunogenicity assessment is crucial in the development of antibody drugs because antibody drugs may trigger adverse immune responses, affecting the efficacy and safety of the drug. Immunogenicity refers to the potential of antibody drugs to induce immune responses in the body, which may lead to the production of anti-drug antibodies (ADA). The appearance of ADA will lead to accelerated clearance of antibody drugs, affecting the sustained efficacy of the drug, and may even cause adverse symptoms such as allergic reactions, fever, and inflammation. Immunogenicity assessment is usually carried out in the preclinical stage, and the immune response potential of antibody drugs in humans is predicted through in vitro experiments and animal models. For example, through cell proliferation experiments, ELISA tests and other methods, it is assessed whether antibodies may activate the immune system and produce specific antibodies. Reducing immunogenicity is the key to optimizing antibody drug design, especially the design of humanized or chimeric antibodies, which can significantly reduce immune responses.
How is the efficacy evaluation of antibody drugs carried out?

The efficacy evaluation of antibody drugs is carried out through in vitro and in vivo experiments to help verify their effectiveness in treating target diseases. In in vitro efficacy evaluation, commonly used methods include cell proliferation inhibition experiments, cell apoptosis experiments, antibody-target binding experiments, etc., through which the affinity, specificity and effect of antibodies on target cells are evaluated. For drugs such as tumor treatment, in vitro experiments can evaluate the cytotoxicity or immunomodulatory effects of antibodies through cell line models. In in vivo efficacy evaluation, animal models (such as mouse xenograft models) are often used to conduct experiments to evaluate the anti-tumor effect or immunomodulatory effect of antibody drugs. In vivo evaluation can also help study the dose-dependent effect of drugs, the biodistribution of drugs, half-life and other information. Efficacy evaluation provides important support for subsequent clinical research and helps determine the optimal treatment plan and dosing strategy.
How to evaluate the targeting of antibody drugs?

The targeting of antibody drugs is mainly evaluated by their ability to bind to specific targets and their therapeutic effects on target-related diseases. In vitro evaluation includes affinity and specificity detection of antibodies and target molecules (such as antigens, receptors, etc.), which are usually performed through experimental techniques such as ELISA, immunoprecipitation, and Western blot. These experiments can determine whether the antibody effectively binds to the target molecule and whether it has high affinity and specificity. In vivo evaluation uses animal models to detect the distribution and effect of the antibody at the target site. For example, the selective effect of the antibody on tumor cells is evaluated through tumor animal models to verify its anti-tumor efficacy. Targeted evaluation not only helps determine the effectiveness of the antibody, but also provides important guidance for clinical medication.
How to evaluate the immune system interference of antibody drugs?

The immune system interference evaluation mainly detects whether the antibody drug will have a negative impact on the immune system, leading to immune suppression or immune-mediated side effects. The evaluation method usually includes detecting the effect of antibodies on immune cells by flow cytometry and evaluating immune response and immune tolerance by mouse models. Immune system interference may cause antibody drugs to trigger immune responses or produce anti-drug antibodies (ADA), thereby reducing efficacy or triggering allergic reactions. The evaluation of immune system interference helps predict the safety of antibody drugs in clinical applications and reduce immune-related adverse reactions. By optimizing the structure of antibodies, such as humanization or glycosylation modification, the interaction between drugs and the immune system can be reduced and the risk of immune response can be reduced.
How to conduct preclinical safety studies of antibody drugs?

Preclinical safety studies of antibody drugs include toxicity assessment, immunogenicity assessment, and allergic reaction testing. Toxicity assessment detects the long-term and short-term toxic effects of antibody drugs on animals by administering different doses. Immunogenicity assessment evaluates whether the drug triggers an immune response in the body by detecting the production of anti-drug antibodies (ADA). Allergic reaction testing evaluates whether antibody drugs will trigger allergic reactions through skin testing, injection testing, and other methods. These studies are usually conducted using a variety of animal models, such as mice and rats. Preclinical safety studies help the R&D team discover potential safety issues in advance and ensure that the use of antibody drugs in clinical trials can minimize adverse reactions.

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